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特朗普政府希望数十万联邦工作人员做好全职远程工作的准备

2020-03-12 10:39:55 作者： 来源：

　　特朗普政府正在努力制定应急计划，让数十万名员工能够远程全职工作，这是一种极端的情况，可以限制冠状病毒，这将考验政府能否从家庭办公室和厨房餐桌上执行任务。

　　负责监督210万员工政策的人事管理办公室(Office Of People Management)近日敦促各机构负责人“立即审查”他们的远程工作政策，与履行职责的员工签署文件，发放笔记本电脑，并允许他们进入计算机网络。

　　行政当局没有发布广泛的授权，但一些办事处已经采取了行动。周一晚些时候，美国证券交易委员会(SEC)发现一名员工可能被感染后，成为华盛顿第一个从总部清除2400名员工的联邦机构。

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　　在做出这一紧急决定之前，十几个西雅图地区的联邦外地办事处、丹佛的内政部和美国宇航局的硅谷研究中心也采取了类似的措施，这些研究中心要么关闭，要么转向远程工作，因为一些员工检测出病毒呈阳性。

Slide 1 of 55: A woman passes in front the emergency entrance of the government-run Rafik Hariri University Hospital, where most of the Lebanese coronavirus cases are treated, in Beirut, Lebanon, Wednesday, March 11, 2020.

Slide 2 of 55: WASHINGTON, DC - MARCH 11: - U.S. President Donald Trump participates in a meeting with CEOs of major banks to discuss the coronavirus response in the Cabinet Room at the White House, on March 11, 2020 in Washington, DC. (Photo by Mark Wilson/Getty Images)

Slide 3 of 55: U.S. President Donald Trump delivers remarks to the news media during a meeting with bankers on COVID-19 Coronavirus response, inside the Cabinet Room at the White House in Washington, U.S., March 11, 2020. REUTERS/Tom Brenner

Slide 4 of 55: David Solomon, Chief Executive Officer of Goldman Sachs, speaks during a meeting with bankers and U.S. President Doanld Trump on COVID-19 coronavirus response, inside the Cabinet Room at the White House in Washington, U.S., March 11, 2020. REUTERS/Tom Brenner

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Slide 5 of 55: Trader Michael Gallucci works at his post on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, Wednesday, March 11, 2020. Stocks are closing sharply lower on Wall Street, erasing more than 1,400 points from the Dow industrials, as investors wait for a more aggressive response from the U.S. government to economic fallout from the coronavirus. (AP Photo/Richard Drew)

Slide 6 of 55: Judie Shape, center, who has tested positive for the coronavirus, blows a kiss to her son-in-law, Michael Spencer, left, as Shape's daughter, Lori Spencer, right, looks on, Wednesday, March 11, 2020, as they visit on the phone and look at each other through a window at the Life Care Center in Kirkland, Wash., near Seattle. In-person visits are not allowed at the nursing home. The vast majority of people recover from the new coronavirus. According to the World Health Organization, most people recover in about two to six weeks, depending on the severity of the illness. (AP Photo/Ted S. Warren)

Slide 7 of 55: Passengers are checked with thermal scanner at the Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport as a preventive measure of Coronavirus in Dhaka, Bangladesh, March 11, 2020.

Slide 8 of 55: A cruise ship, held by Belgian authorities, is seen in the port of Zeebrugge over suspected cases of the coronavirus after the country's first death from the disease, in Zeebrugge, Belgium March 11, 2020.

Slide 9 of 55: Employees from a disinfection service company sanitize a subway car depot amid coronavirus fears in Seoul, South Korea, March 11, 2020.

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Slide 10 of 55: Tourists wearing masks walk on the Charles Bridge in Prague, Czech Republic, 11 March 2020.

Slide 11 of 55: Workers disassemble a stage that was built for a Crimean Spring festival in front of Kremlin in Moscow, 11 March 2020.

Slide 12 of 55: A medical worker wearing protective suits pulls a stretcher from an ambulance to the isolation room for patients affected coronavirus disease (COVID-19) at Sanglah Hospital in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, March 11, 2020.

Slide 13 of 55: Families wear protective face masks as they walk with their luggage at Tarradellas Barcelona-El Prat Airport, after further cases of coronavirus were confirmed in Barcelona, Spain March 11, 2020.

Slide 14 of 55: NAPLES, ITALY - MARCH 10: Medical officers check the temperature of people traveling to the islands of Ischia, Capri and Procida, in Naples, Italy on March 10, 2020. In the evening of March 9, 2020 Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte has officially declared that the entire Italian peninsula will be considered âred zone❠due to the fast spread of the coronavirus. (Photo by

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Slide 15 of 55: ANKARA, TURKEY - MARCH 11: Turkish Health Minister Fahrettin Koca speaks during a press conference in Ankara, Turkey on March 11, 2020. Turkish minister says first case of coronavirus confirmed in the country. (Photo by

Slide 16 of 55: ROME, ITALY - MARCH 10: Two Rome Municipality Police Officers wearing protective masks are seen at the Trevi Fountain on March 10, 2020 in Rome, Italy. The Italian Government has taken the unprecedented measure of a nationwide lockdown in an effort to fight the world's second-most deadly coronavirus outbreak outside of China. The movements in and out are allowed only for work and health reasons proven by a medical certificate. The justifications for the movements needs to be certified with a self-declaration by filling in forms provided by the police forces in charge of the checks. (Photo by

Slide 17 of 55: WASHINGTON, DC - MARCH 10: U.S. Vice President Mike Pence, standing with members of the White House Coronavirus Task Force team, speaks during a press briefing in the press briefing room of the White House March 10, 2020 in Washington, DC. Also pictured, from L-R, U.S. Surgeon General Jerome Adams, Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Coast Guard Vice Admiral Daniel Abel, coronavirus response coordinator Debbie Birx, Seema Verma, administrator of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, and Robert Redfield, Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (Photo by

Slide 18 of 55: A woman with a protective face mask walks on the platform at Biblioteka Imeni Lenina metro station in Moscow on March 10, 2020, during evening rush hour, amid a spread of COVID-19, the new coronavirus. - Russia on March 10, 2020, recommended against hugging, handshakes and taking public transport during rush hour as part of sweeping measures aimed at preventing the spread of the coronavirus. There are 20 confirmed cases of the deadly virus in Russia, despite the country taking unprecedented steps to control its spread, including closing its border with China and restricting travel from Iran and South Korea. (Photo by Dimitar DILKOFF / AFP) (Photo by

Slide 19 of 55: Aerial view taken of the Mestalla stadium in Valencia during the UEFA Champions League Group H football match between Valencia and Atalanta played behind closed doors in light of the coronavirus outbreak. - Football matches in the top two divisions in Spain and France will be played behind closed doors for at least the next two weeks following the decision by Italy's government to suspend top-flight games until April 3 due to the coronavirus epidemic. (Photo by JOSE JORDAN / AFP) (Photo by

Slide 20 of 55: WASHINGTON, DC - MARCH 10: President Donald Trump talks to reporters at the US Capitol after attending the Senate Republicans weekly policy luncheon with Vice President Mike Pence (C) and Treasury Secretary Steve Mnuchin (R) on March 10, 2020 in Washington, DC. Trump said that lawmakers focused on the spread of the coronavirus and the state of the economy as markets react to the virus. (Photo by

Slide 21 of 55: Medical Personnel help load passengers from the Grand Princess cruise ship onto airplanes at Oakland International Airport in Oakland, California on March 10, 2020. - The first passengers were taken ashore from a coronavirus-hit cruise ship that docked at California's port of Oakland on March 9, 2020, with the infected

Slide 22 of 55: PONTE VEDRA BEACH, FLORIDA - MARCH 10: A detail as a fan uses hand sanitizer during a practice round prior to The PLAYERS Championship on The Stadium Course at TPC Sawgrass on March 10, 2020 in Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida. (Photo by

Slide 23 of 55: CLEVELAND, OHIO - MARCH 10: A screen shows Democratic presidential candidate former Vice President Joe Biden after his primary night rally at the Cuyahoga Community College Recreation Center was cancelled due to the threat posed by the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) on March 10, 2020 in Cleveland, Ohio. Democratic presidential candidate Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-VT) also cancelled his planned rally in Cleveland. (Photo by

Slide 24 of 55: The cruise ship Grand Princess docks at the Port of Oakland as authorities prepare for a passenger debarkation after 21 people on board have tested positive for the COVID-19 coronavirus in Oakland, California, U.S. March 9, 2020. REUTERS/Stephen Lam

Slide 25 of 55: Chinese President Xi Jinping learns about the hospital's operations, treatment of patients, protection for medical workers and scientific research at the Huoshenshan Hospital in Wuhan, the epicentre of the novel coronavirus outbreak, Hubei province, China March 10, 2020.

Slide 26 of 55: The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) became the first US federal agency to direct employees to work from home in efforts to mitigate the spread of the COVID-19 coronavirus in Washington, DC, USA, 10 March 2020. There are 761 confirmed cases with 27 deaths in the US as the COVID-19 coronavirus continues to spread. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) became the first US federal agency to direct employees to work from home to mitigate the spread of the COVID-19 coronavirus, Washington, USA - 10 Mar 2020

Slide 27 of 55: French President Emmanuel Macron speaks to the media next to AP-HP President Martin Hirsch, French Health and Solidarity Minister Olivier Veran and French Director General of Health Jerome Salomon, after a visit at the SAMU-SMUR call centre at the Necker Hospital, focused on COVID-19 coronavirus outbreak, in Paris, France, March 10, 2020.

Slide 28 of 55: Newspaper's frontpages reading (Clockwise from Top L)

Slide 29 of 55: SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA - MARCH 10: Passengers on board Sea Princess watch as the ship departs alongside the Sydney Opera House on March 10, 2020 in Sydney, Australia. The Australian Government today urged Australians to reconsider international cruise trips as the coronavirus outbreak continues to spread around the world.

Slide 30 of 55: Democratic Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi (C) speaks to the media as she walks to a caucus meeting in the US Capitol in Washington, DC, USA, 10 March, 2020. President Trump said he plans to meet with lawmakers today to discuss plans for his coronavirus economic package. Pelosi speaks to reporters on her way to caucus meeting, Washington, USA - 10 Mar 2020

Slide 31 of 55: An Iranian pedestrian walks while wearing a protective mask in Tehran on March 10, 2020 amid the spread of coronavirus in the country. - Iran today reported 54 new deaths from the novel coronavirus in the past 24 hours, the highest single-day toll since the start of the country's outbreak.

Slide 32 of 55: Members of the EU Parliament arrive and sit in an empty hemicycle at the beginning of the plenary session which is reduced to a single day due to the spread of the COVID-19 illness, in Brussels, on March 10, 2020. - All European Union States are hit by the novel coronavirus.

Slide 33 of 55: Pigeons gather on Piazza del Duomo by Milan's cathedral on March 10, 2020 in Milan. - Italy imposed unprecedented national restrictions on its 60 million people on March 10, 2020 to control the deadly coronavirus, as China signalled major progress in its own battle against the global epidemic.

Slide 34 of 55: Racegoers use hand sanitiser to keep their hands clean following an outbreak of the Coronavirus on day one of the Cheltenham Festival at Cheltenham Racecourse, Cheltenham.

Slide 35 of 55: TOPSHOT - A facemask-clad airline employee works at the departure hall of Tokyo's Haneda Airport on March 10, 2020. - The death toll from the COVID-19 illness caused by the novel coronavirus neared 4,000, with more than 110,000 cases recorded in over 100 countries since the epidemic erupted in December in Wuhan, China. It has disrupted global travel, and cancelled conferences and sporting events.

Slide 36 of 55: Passengers from the Grand Princess cruise ship, which was barred from returning to San Francisco last week due to a coronavirus outbreak on board, arrive at Trenton Air Force base in Ontario, Canada, March 10, 2020.

Slide 37 of 55: NEW YORK, March 9, 2020 -- Traders work at New York Stock Exchange in New York, the United States, on March 9, 2020. U.S. stocks plunged in early trading on Monday as investors fled the market amid anxieties for a possible all-out oil price war and economic slowdown from the spreading coronavirus.

Slide 38 of 55: Cruise ship Costa Fortuna arrives to dock, after it was turned away from Thailand and Malaysia amid coronavirus fears, at Marina Bay Cruise Center in Singapore March 10, 2020. REUTERS/Edgar Su

Slide 39 of 55: Marty Shape talks on the phone through a window with his mother, Judie Shape, who is 81 and was tested for coronavirus yesterday, at the Life Care Center of Kirkland, the long-term care facility linked to several confirmed coronavirus cases in the state, in Kirkland, Washington, U.S. March 9, 2020. REUTERS/David Ryder

Slide 40 of 55: U.S. President Donald Trump looks on next to Surgeon General Jerome Adams (back 2nd L) and White House Coronavirus Response Coordinator Debbie Birx (R) as he leads the daily Coronavirus-related briefing at the White House in Washington, U.S. March 9, 2020. REUTERS/Jonathan Ernst

Slide 41 of 55: A quiet Harrison Street is pictured approaching a Friday rush hour in Amazon's South Lake Union neighborhood after the company asked employees to work from home for the rest of the month if possible in Seattle, Washington, U.S. March 6, 2020.

Slide 42 of 55: Flight attendants wearing protective masks fill out health alert cards before thermal scanner checks after Indonesia confirmed its first cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in Soekarno Hatta International Airport, in Tangerang near Jakarta, Indonesia, March 6, 2020. REUTERS/Ajeng Dinar Ulfiana

Slide 43 of 55: A sign at a chemist informing customers of no mask availablitiy in the suburb of Chatswood on March 06, 2020 in Sydney, Australia. 26 people have now tested positive to coronavirus in NSW, causing a number of business buildings, a nursing home and a school to close to try and stop further transmissions of the COVID-19 virus. Sydney retail and restaurants are also experiencing a downturn in sales, as overseas travel bans impact the number of tourists coming to Australia.

Slide 44 of 55: SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA - MARCH 06: South Korean soldiers wearing protective gear, spray antiseptic solution against the coronavirus (COVID-19) in Gangnam district on March 06, 2020 in Seoul, South Korea. The South Korean government has raised the coronavirus alert to the

Slide 45 of 55: General view of Kaaba at the Grand Mosque which is almost empty of worshippers, after Saudi authority suspended umrah (Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca) amid the fear of coronavirus outbreak, at Muslim holy city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia March 6, 2020. REUTERS/Ganoo Essa

Slide 46 of 55: A member of Civil defense wears a protective face mask, following the coronavirus outbreak, as he disinfects and sterilizes the explosive control headquarters in Kerbala, Iraq, March 6, 2020. REUTERS/Abdullah Dhiaa al-Deen

Slide 47 of 55: Kenyan nurses wearing protective gear prepare a ward during a demonstration of preparations for any potential coronavirus cases at the Mbagathi Hospital, isolation centre for coronavirus, in Nairobi, Kenya March 6, 2020. REUTERS/Njeri Mwangi

Slide 48 of 55: People walk through an 'EM Auto Sanitizing Gate', amid concerns over the spread of the COVID-19 novel coronavirus, outside a shopping centre in Bangkok on March 6, 2020. (Photo by Jack Taylor / AFP) (Photo by JACK TAYLOR/AFP via Getty Images)

Slide 49 of 55: U.S. President Donald Trump makes a remark about shaking hands in the midst of coronavirus fears during a FOX News Channel town hall event with moderators Bret Baier and Martha MacCallum in the Scranton Cultural Center in Scranton, Pennsylvania, U.S. March 5, 2020. REUTERS/Leah Millis TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY

Slide 50 of 55: Airmen from the Moffett Federal Airfield based, 129th Rescue Wing deliver coronavirus test-kits to the Grand Princess cruise ship off the coast of California, U.S. in this still image from a handout video obtained by Reuters on March 5, 2020. California National Guard/Handout via REUTERS ATTENTION EDITORS - THIS IMAGE WAS PROVIDED BY A THIRD PARTY. TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY

Slide 51 of 55: U.S. Vice President Mike Pence, who heads the government's coronavirus task force, addresses the news at 3M's company headquarters in Maplewood, Minnesota, U.S. March 5, 2020.

Slide 52 of 55: Middle school students wear protective masks as they take an entrance examination for high school in Bangkok, Thailand, Thursday, March 5, 2020. Thailand reported its first death form COVID -19 illness on Sunday. (

Slide 53 of 55: In the aftermath of the first California resident to die from the coronavirus, California Gov. Gavin Newsom declared a statewide emergency to deal with the virus, at a Capitol news conference in Sacramento, Calif., Wednesday, March 4, 2020. The elderly patient died in Placer County, northeast of Sacramento, after apparently contracting the illness on a cruise. Newsom was accompanied by State Health Officer Dr. Sonia Angell, left, and Director of the Governor's Office of Emergency Services Mark Ghilarducci, right.

Slide 54 of 55: A medical staff member checks information of a patient as patients infected by the COVID-19 coronavirus leave from Wuhan No.5 Hospital to Leishenshan Hospital, the newly-built hospital for the COVID-19 coronavirus patients, in Wuhan in China's central Hubei province on March 3, 2020. - Across the world, 3,127 people have died from the new virus. More than 92,000 have been infected in 77 countries and territories, according to AFP's latest toll based on official sources at 1100 GMT on March 3. (Photo by STR / AFP) / China OUT (Photo by

Slide 55 of 55: Paramedics in protective suits and Israelis wearing masks and gloves stand near a dedicated polling station where Israelis under quarantine from the coronavirus can vote in Israel's national election, in Tel Aviv, Israel March 2, 2020.

　　图一55：在黎巴嫩贝鲁特，一名妇女经过政府运营的拉菲克哈里里大学医院的紧急入口处，黎巴嫩的大部分冠状病毒病例都是在那里治疗的，黎巴嫩贝鲁特，2020年3月11日，星期三。

　　下一次滑行全屏

　　1/55幻灯片侯赛因·马拉/美联社照片

　　世界正在与一种名为COVID-19的新SARS状冠状病毒的爆发作斗争，这种病毒始于中国武汉市，此后一直在蔓延。这种病毒已经夺去了4000多人的生命，并感染了全世界近10万人。(图)3月11日，黎巴嫩贝鲁特的拉菲克哈里里大学医院的紧急入口前经过一名妇女。

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　　周二，国际贸易管理局(InternationalTradeAdministration)开始派遣工作人员回国，如果他们是出国旅行的话。根据一份内部备忘录，国务院要求其工作人员安排紧急电话会议演习--并替换进入办公室使用机密系统的人，以确保同事们只聚集在一个小组中。

a sign on the side of the street: The Seattle U.S. Customs and Immigration Services (USCIS) Field Office in Tukwila, Wash., closed recently after an employee showed flu-like symptoms four days after visiting the Life Care Center in nearby Kirkland.

　　病毒的快速传播使得许多私营公司在几周前把他们的工作人员送回家远程工作。但是联邦政府的一些角落，这个国家最大的雇主，直到现在才在服务公众的方式上面临着前所未有的变化--几个星期甚至几个月。斯图尔特·伊塞特/斯图尔特·伊塞特西雅图美国海关和移民服务局(USCIS)驻华盛顿州图克维拉的外地办事处最近关闭，原因是一名员工在参观附近的柯克兰生命护理中心四天后出现流感样症状。

　　当特朗普总统就职时，将近一半的联邦工作人员有资格远程办公，平均每周一到两天下雪或偶尔上班。但很少有人全职这么做。然后特朗普政府缩减了在家工作作为多家大型机构的常规做法。

　　现在，经理们正争先恐后地扩大这一政策。现在每周远程工作一两天的员工可以扩展到全职工作。其他人可以第一次在家工作。

　　远程工作是白宫不断升级的应急计划努力的关键，随着危机的恶化，应急计划可能会得到部署。随着数十个州和本区出现了冠状病毒病例，疫情迫使各机构评估他们的工作人员中有哪些人是远程工作的，谁必须留在工作岗位上为公众服务，以及如何在维持基本服务的同时确保他们的安全。

　　远程工作的扩大已经带来了复杂的问题，其中包括行政和设备方面的障碍，以及对数千名使用机密材料而无法带回家的员工的限制。

　　焦急的员工正在等待到目前为止一直不平衡的指示。五角大楼表示，他们正在迅速采取行动，要求能够签署新的远程工作协议的员工。处于纳税旺季的国税局则不是这样。官员们预计在这两种情况下都会有大量的缺席。

　　“这是一个未知的领域，”西雅图联邦执行委员会(西雅图联邦执行委员会)主任保罗·卡尔森(Paul Carlson)说。该委员会是一个由高级官员组成的协会，上周向该地区的2.2万名员工推荐了远程办公

　　联邦人事主管戴尔·卡巴尼斯(Dale Cabaniss)描述了“快速发展的形势”，因为她提供了更详细指导周末讨论工作规则，包括一个直到现在还没听说过的问题：如果孩子们因为学校被取消而回家怎么办?但是远程工作政策不允许他们的父母在家里和他们一起工作呢?

　　(答案是：在这种紧急情况下，机构可能会很灵活，但员工必须密切关注自己的工作时间。)

　　OPM不能强迫办公室将员工转移到远程工作。发言人安东尼·马鲁奇(Anthony Marucci)在一封电子邮件中表示：“每个机构都有责任在考虑其使命和员工的独特需求时，决定如何和何时使用远程工作。”

　　但无论特朗普是否宣布国家紧急状态，他都拥有关闭某家机构的广泛权力。只有15%的联邦雇员在哥伦比亚特区工作，每个州都有联邦机构。

　　官员们没有公开他们的紧急计划的细节，因为他们试图平衡透明度和危言耸听。不过，一些代表联邦雇员的工会表示，他们几乎没有得到管理人员的沟通。

　　“我们听到了蟋蟀的声音，”芝加哥社会安全管理局(Social Security Administration)的债务专家詹姆斯·穆罕默德·梅森(James Muhammad-Mason)说，伊利诺伊州的几个冠状病毒病例已经确诊。“人们很关心。我有个同事照顾一个生病的父母。我有孩子。如果我们把病毒传染给他们呢?“

　　社保的高层管理人员与全国60，000名员工中的许多人意见相左。11月，社保取消了一项为期6年的远程工作试点计划，12，000名员工参加了该项目，并于上月在多个其他部门大幅削减了该项目。

　　含糊的公开声明

　　在西雅图，卡尔森说，他正在接听来自工作人员必须到办公室报到的经理的电话，从天气预报员到特勤局特工。他们是拥有公共或高度安全工作的大规模劳动力的一部分--国税局呼叫中心雇员、护照处理员、食品安全检查员、造船商、野地消防队员、照顾退伍军人的护士、邮政工人。他们每天都直接为公众服务。

　　到目前为止，他们的机构只对他们的福利发表了含糊的公开声明。

a group of people standing next to a child: A TSA officer wears a protective face mask on his shift at Terminal B at Oakland International Airport in California on March 4. TSA employees have been told that they can wear N95 respirators or surgical masks for their own personal protections while a work, at their discretion.

　　社会保障发言人马克·辛克尔(Mark Hinkle)表示：“我们正与疾病控制和预防中心(CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention)密切合作，监测情况，并随时准备在政府计划的连续性下应对突发事件。”梅丽娜·玛拉/“华盛顿邮报”3月4日，一名TSA官员在加州奥克兰国际机场(Oakland International Airport)B航站楼换班时戴上防护面罩。TSA员工被告知，在工作期间，他们可以随意佩戴N95口罩或外科口罩，以保护自己的人身安全。

　　其他部门取消了不必要的旅行和会议。清洁人员比平时更频繁地对浴室和其他公共服务设施进行消毒。

　　周一，国税局淡化了对税收季节中断的担忧。美国国税局在一份声明中表示：“美国国税局的正常运作仍在继续，我们正在看到一个强劲、平稳的国家申报季节。”

　　自冷战以来，被称为“行动连续性计划”的文件一直在指导联邦应急计划人员，当时，美国总统德怀特·艾森豪威尔(Dwight Eisenhower)发布了第一批措施，以确保政府在核袭击后能够继续运作。

　　在9月份的袭击之后。2001年11月11日，新的蓝图得以发展，以保护国土免受另一次恐怖袭击，并最终免受流感大流行的侵袭。

　　他们列出了各机构将如何与骨瘦如柴的工作人员和机构领导人前往的替代工作场所开展基本服务。

　　大约12年前，随着宽带技术在大多数家庭，远程工作成为一个关键的特点的计划。但它们尚未被大规模激活。最近的电话是在2009年H1N1大流行期间，这是一种被称为猪流感的新型流感病毒。政府加紧采取有力的应对措施，但没有任何联邦机构受到影响。

　　“我们在抓紧时间，”在奥巴马政府期间执掌联邦应急管理局八年的W·克雷格·福盖特(W.Craig Fugate)回忆说，“但我们从未达到关闭政府任何东西的地步。”

　　担心远程工作被滥用的特朗普政府，已经敦促严格限制远程工作。“很多人看着远程工作，会想，这对员工来说只是一件好事，”前国土安全部人事主管杰弗里·尼尔(Jeffrey Neal)说，他曾写过一篇文章。博客联邦人事政策。

　　Neal说：“他们很少谈论它的应急计划。”“你现在不能扣动扳机说，‘Poof!我们有一个远程工作程序。“

　　不那么简单

　　在2017年财政年度，大约43%的联邦雇员有资格在家工作，这是有数据可查的最后一年。自那以后，这一数字有所下降，但尚不清楚这一数字到底有多大。

　　随着冠状病毒的策划，管理者们意识到，换档并不像告诉别人在家里给电脑充电那么简单。并不是每个人都能在家里获得宽带接入--或者政府发行的笔记本电脑--这通常是远程工作所必需的。员工需要进入代理网络。他们的一些作品含有一些敏感的材料，不能在家庭环境中暴露。

　　美国政府雇员联合会(American Federation Of Government Employees)的野战服务和教育总监戴维·坎恩(David Cann)说，“各机构将很难改造它们一直在缩减的规模，现在它们正处于世界卫生组织(World Health Organization)指定的流行病的中间。”美国政府雇员联合会(American Federation Of Government Employees)

　　一些华盛顿地区的众议院民主党人对削减开支非常愤怒，上周他们通过立法迫使政府恢复已被削减的远程工作。

　　机构很少公开谈论他们的劳动力计划。美国国土安全部(DepartmentofHomelandSecurity)上周宣布，在一名员工检测出冠状病毒呈阳性后，已经关闭了西雅图办事处两周。但该机构拒绝透露有多少员工受到影响或有多少人可以远程工作。

　　然后在周一，美国公民和移民服务部门在一封电子邮件中告诉员工，在专门清理办公室一周后，该公司将重新开业。

　　在住房和城市发展部，一些雇员拒绝签署协议，因为他们不想被要求工作，如果不能远程工作的同事呆在家里无论如何，阿沙基罗宾逊约翰斯，阿沙基罗宾逊约翰，AFGE Local476的总裁，代表了华盛顿的HUD员工。

　　一位要求匿名的HUD高级官员承认，不能强迫员工签署远程工作协议，因为他没有被授权讨论冠状病毒制剂的问题。

　　美国宇航局位于加州山景城的艾姆斯研究中心大约有2300名科学家和其他工作人员，自上周五以来，他们一直在进行强制性的远程工作，这是继全国范围内对所有员工进行在家工作测试之后发出的指令。

　　但是，任何周末没有带笔记本回家的人都无法访问他们的工作。

　　随着病毒在西雅图蔓延，美国环境保护局(EPA)外地办事处的员工上周要求他们的经理全职在家工作，直到感染减轻，但他们被拒绝了：他们每周只能远程工作一次。

　　执法合规官员凯特·斯伯丁(Kate Spaulding)说，她被告知，她需要一张医生的便条，上面写着她是疾控中心定义的“易受伤害的人”。

　　上周，她在一封电子邮件中写道：“作为一名联邦雇员，我无法实施当地政府和健康顾问强烈建议的策略。”

　　上周五，办公室终于获准远程办公，“直到另行通知”。




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